Hierarchical Codebook Design for Beamforming Training in Millimeter-Wave Communication

摘要

In millimeter-wave communication, large antenna arrays are required toachieve high power gain by steering towards each other with narrow beams, whichposes the problem to efficiently search the best beam direction in the angledomain at both Tx and Rx sides. As the exhaustive search is time consuming,hierarchical search has been widely accepted to reduce the complexity, and itsperformance is highly dependent on the codebook design. In this paper, wepropose two basic criteria for the hierarchical codebook design, and devise anefficient hierarchical codebook by jointly exploiting sub-array anddeactivation (turning-off) antenna processing techniques, where closed-formexpressions are provided to generate the codebook. Performance evaluations areconducted under different system and channel models. Results show superiorityof the proposed codebook over the existing alternatives.